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Longla Comprehensive College
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General information
| Description | Etablissement d'enseignement technique commercial et général, le Collège Longla Comprehensive est situé à Bamenda dans la région du Nord Ouest du Cameroun. la langue principale utilisée pour les apprentissages et l'enseignement est l'anglais. Le collège Long la est un établissement privé d'enseignement secondaire à cycle complet: premier et second cycle(7années d'études). dans cet établissement, nous avons deux types de salles informatiques: une salle contenant des ordinateurs et une autre salle avec les ordinateurs connectés à Internet. la particularité de cet établissement est que ces deux salles sont ouverts au public et fonctionnent comme des cybercafés. |
|---|---|
| School levels | secondary |
| Trains teachers? | No |
| Private? | Yes |
| Vocational? | Yes |
| Students' gender | Mixed |
| Location | Urban |
| Showcased? | Yes |
+- Equipment, connectivity and access (8 available subcategories; 6 have data, including 0 documents)
2.1 The number and percentage of institutions with computers
| 2.1.1 Institution has computers? | Yes 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 2.1.2 Percentage of computers connected to the Internet | 54.17 % (65 / 120) 2007-10-04 |
2.2 The number and percentage of institutions with Internet connectivity
| 2.2.1 Institution has internet connectivity? | Yes 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 2.2.2 Types of connection and bandwidth | 2008-09-01 |
| 2.2.3 Number of computers connected to the Internet | 65 2007-10-04 |
2.3 The ratio of educators to computers per institution
| 2.3.1 Number of educators in the institution | 94 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 2.3.2 Total number of computers in the institution | 120 2009-02-24 |
| 2.3.3 Number of computers in the institution available for educators | 120 2009-02-24 |
| 2.3.4 Ratio of educators to computers | 0.78 (94 / 120) educator(s) per computer 2009-02-24 |
2.4 The ratio of learners to computers per institution
| 2.4.1 Number of learners in the institution | 2426 2007-10-04 |
|---|---|
| 2.4.2 Number of computers in the institution available for learners | 65 2007-10-04 |
| 2.4.3 Ratio of learners to computers | 37.32 (2426 / 65) student(s) per computer 2007-03-21 |
2.5 The presence of a technopedagogical assistant (or ICT advisor/technician) in education institutions
| 2.5.1 Institution has an ICT advisor/technician? | Yes 2007-10-04 |
|---|---|
| 2.5.2 Description of the professional duties of the ICT advisor/technician | Il existe deux moniteurs responsables du centre multimédia payés par les parents d’élèves. Ils ne sont pas permanents et travaillent à temps partiel. Ils ont pour rôle principal de s’occuper de la maintenance de l’outil informatique.
Ils assistent les élèves et leurs enseignants lors de leur travaux dans le laboratoire informatique.
Ils reçoivent et enseignentl'informatique aux populations locales intéressées et inscrits pour les cours d'informatiques. 2009-02-24 |
2.6 The types of software applications used in educational institutions
2.7 Institution ICT-connectivity rank
| 2.7.1 Institution ICT-connectivity index score | Data not available 2007-03-21 |
|---|
2.8 The rank of ICT-enablement by institution
| 2.8.1 Institution ICT-enablement index score | Data not available 2007-03-21 |
|---|
+- Teacher-training (12 available subcategories; 1 has data, including 0 documents)
3.11 Educators who have participated in continuing education / professional development, which included ICT integration
| 3.11.1 Number of educators who have completed 1 to 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 17 2009-03-25 |
|---|---|
| 3.11.2 Number of educators who have completed more than 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 17 2009-03-25 |
| 3.11.3 The percentage of educators who have participated in less than 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 18.09 % (17 / 94) 2009-03-25 |
| 3.11.4 The percentage of educators who have participated in over 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 18.09 % (17 / 94) 2009-03-25 |
| 3.11.5 Number of female educators who have participated in 1 to 50 hours of continuing education / professional development, which included ICT integration | 6 2008-07-19 |
| 3.11.6 Number of male educators who have completed 1 to 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 11 2008-07-19 |
| 3.11.7 Number of female educators who have completed more than 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 6 2009-02-24 |
| 3.11.8 Number of male educators who have completed more than 50 hours of continuing education/professional development that included ICT integration | 11 2009-02-24 |
| 3.11.9 Percentage of female educators who have completed 1 to 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 24.00 % (6 / 25) 2007-03-21 |
| 3.11.10 Percentage of male educators who have completed 1 to 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 15.94 % (11 / 69) 2008-07-19 |
| 3.11.11 Percentage of female educators who have completed more than 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 24.00 % (6 / 25) 2007-03-21 |
| 3.11.12 Percentage of male educators who have completed more than 50 hours of continuing education/professional development which included ICT integration | 15.94 % (11 / 69) 2008-07-19 |
3.12 The rank of teacher-training institutions, by ICT-integration
| 3.12.1 ICT-integration index score | Data not available 2007-03-21 |
|---|
+- ICT use (14 available subcategories; 13 have data, including 8 documents)
4.1 The frequency of ICT use by educators for academic purposes
| 4.1.1 Average ICT use by educators for academic purposes (hours per week) | 6.0 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 4.1.3 Average ICT use by female educators for academic purposes (hours per week) | 6.0 2009-02-24 |
| 4.1.4 Average ICT use by male educators for academic purposes (hours per week) | 6.0 2009-02-24 |
| 4.1.5 Proportional gap in the male/female averages of ICT use for academic purposes by educators | 1.00 (6 / 6) 2007-03-21 |
4.2 The frequency of ICT use by learners for academic purposes
| 4.2.1 Average ICT use by learners for academic purposes (hours per week) | 6.0 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 4.2.3 Average ICT use by learners (female) for academic purposes (hours per week) | 6.0 2009-02-24 |
| 4.2.4 Average ICT use by learners (males) for academic purposes (hours per week) | 6.0 2009-02-24 |
| 4.2.5 Proportional gap in the male/female averages of ICT use for academic purposes by learners | 1.00 (6 / 6) 2007-03-21 |
4.3 The types of ICT use by educators
4.4 The types of ICT use by learners
| 4.4.1 Types of ICT use by learners (list) | les élèves utilisent les TIC pour chercher des ressources d'apprentissages sur internet en vue d'enrichir leurs cours et de rechercher les informations sur certains pays, pour comprendre ce que les enseignants ne peuvent pas leur enseigner et que leurs camarades ne peuvent pas leur expliquer.
l'ordinateur est aussi utilisé pour conserver les informations, faire des cartes des voeux: les créer
et les imprimer, calculer les notes de leur évaluations. 2009-02-24 |
|---|---|
| 4.4.2 Examples of ICT-based productions by students | Data not available 2007-03-21 |
| 4.4.3 Female learners' points of access to computers/Internet (cybercafé, home, mobile…) | Female commercial students mostly use the computer and internet in school since most of the subjects they offer requires the use of these information and communication technologies, and also because most of them are boarding students. They do use them in subjects like Business Studies, Commerce, office practice etc. The students prefer using the computer and internet in school because the environment is calm and they are assisted by the school computer laboratory monitors. During holidays, they have access to the computer at home, and go to the cyber café for internet connection either because they do not have this connection at home or the connection is too slow.
As for the non commercial and day students they prefer using the computer and internet at home and mostly in the cyber café. They give reasons like, not having free access to these facilities in school and even when they have, the time is limited and they are not free to get into whichever site they want to. Some of the female students think the subjects(Commerce and Office Practice)they offer do not require the use of the computer and the internet.
2010-05-20 |
| 4.4.4 Male learners' points of access to computers/Internet (cybercafé, home, mobile…) | Male commercial students mostly use the computer and internet in school since most of the subjects they offer requires the use of these information and communication technologies, and also because most of them are boarding students. They do use them in subjects like Accounting, Commerce, Office Practice etc. The students prefer using the computer and internet in school because the environment is calm and they are assisted by the school computer laboratory monitors. During holidays, they have access to the computer at home, and go to the cyber café for internet connection either because they do not have this connection at home or the connection is too slow. Some of the male students doing business studies think their studies does not require the use of the computer and internet.
As for the non commercial and day students they prefer using the computer and internet at home and mostly in the cyber café. They give reasons like, not having free access to these facilities in school and even when they have, the time is limited and they are not free to get into whichever site they want to.
Male non commercial and day students prefer accessing the computer and internet during holidays because they are not too tight with book work.
2010-05-20 |
| 4.4.5 Female learners' participation in Internet-based social networking (MySpace, Facebook Twitter...) | Female students do not know much about social internet networks. They do not know about them because they feel uncomfortable using the internet for the following reasons:
• These female students do not use these networks because public opinion holds that boys use the internet for scamming and girls will be seen as scammers if they get to use the social internet networks.
• Their parents who use them so not show them how to use it
• They do not think it is necessary.
The limited time that these female students use the internet is to get to sites that will give them information about the world.
2010-05-20 |
| 4.4.6 Male learners' participation in Internet-based social networking (MySpace, Facebook Twitter...) | Male learners do participate in social internet networks like myspace, facebook, twitter and even others like interpals and tag. Some prefer interpals than the others for the simple reason that they are used to it and do not know much about facebook while others use both interpals and facebook. In the beginning these male students got to subscribe, create profiles, meet and make friends with whom they charted. As time went on, they got to know about the world from these their friends in other parts of the world, ask each other about their fields of studies, share knowledge in subjects like business management and marketing with friends in Columbia and Brazil. 2010-05-20 |
4.5 The percentage of courses taught using ICT
4.6 The factors supporting the use of ICT by educators
| 4.6.1 Stated (by educators) factors that support ICT use by educators (150 words) | Les facteurs favorisant l’utilisation des TIC dans l’établissement sont : l'accès et la présence de Internet au sein de l'établissement, le nombre important des ordinateurs et l’utilisation des Tic pour l'enseignement et les apprentissages.
L'un de ces facteurs est la facilitation de l'acte d'apprentissage; quand les leçons sont présentées avec les TIC, les élèves participent plus et les enseignants sont encouragés à continuer;
l'autre facteur favorisant est la
la formation à l'utilisation pédagogique des TIC pour l'enseignement/ apprentissage organisée par le Rocare à l'intention des éducateurs 2009-04-24 |
|---|
4.7 The challenges to the use of ICT by educators
| 4.7.1 Stated (by educators) factors that are challenges to ICT use by educators (150 words) | les facteurs indiqués par les éducateurs comme étant des défis à l'utilisation des TIC sont:
la maintenance des ordinateurs
l'augmentation du nombre d'ordinateurs dans l'établissement afin de donner la possibilité de travailler aisément à chaque apprenant
la formation de tous les enseignants à l'utilisation des TIC et leur intégration pédagogique.
la formation continue des enseignants pour
le nombre insuffisant des vidéo projecteur qui exige une programmation rigoureuse dans leur utilisation limitant les enseignants dans leur pratique avec les TIC.
Les frais de connections à Internet constituent un autre des facteurs qui empêchent les enseignants d'utiliser les TIC 2009-02-24 |
|---|
4.8 The factors supporting the use of ICT by learners
| 4.8.1 Stated (by learners) factors that support ICT use by learners (150 words) | La présence d’une salle multimédia,pour les élèves, la salle multimédia est ouverte aux élèves pendant les jours de classes et même les week-end(samedi)pour réaliser leurs travaux scolaires ou personnels
la présence des agents pour la maintenance.La maintenance des ordinateurs leur permet d'avoir toujours un nombre important des ordinateurs pour leur activités.
La présence des enseignants formés en TIC favorise les élèves qui veulent travailler car ils peuvent demander et obtenir de l'aide de leurs enseignants. 2009-02-24 |
|---|
4.9 The challenges to the use of ICT by learners
| 4.9.1 Stated (by learners) factors that are challenges to ICT use by learners (150 words) | L’enseignement /apprentissage de nombreuses disciplines avec les Tic affirment les apprenants pourrait les aider à utiliser régulièrement les TIC;
l’augmentation du nombre d’ordinateurs dans l'établissement et le renouvellement du parc informatique donneraient la chance à tous les élèves de travailler avec l'ordinateur.
le défis de la formation: certains élèves disent ne pas utiliser les TIC par défauts de connaissances; multiplier les formations surtout pour les élèves en formation générale, les aiderait à avoir les compétences à l'usage des TIC
La lenteur des connections Internet qui causent les pertes de temps et d'argent 2009-02-24 |
|---|
4.10 The competencies required for ICT use (in education) by educators
| 4.10.1 Competencies required for ICT use (by educators) | Une bonne utilisation de l’ordinateur, la connaissance des logiciels d’application et la maîtrise de la pédagogie des grands groupes et l’approche par les compétences. 2008-09-03 |
|---|
4.11 The competencies required for ICT use (in education) by learners
| 4.11.1 Competencies required for ICT use (by learners) | selon les apprenants, pour pouvoir utiliser les TIC il faut:
- savoir ouvrir et fermer l'ordinateur
- savoir repérer un programme sur le bureau
- savoir faire de la recherche sur internet
- savoir envoyer et recevoir un message. 2008-09-01 |
|---|
4.12 ICT in education-related research publications
| 4.12.1 ICT in education-related research publications (reference and abstract; 150 words; document if available) |
2011-02-28 |
|---|---|
| 4.12.2 Number of ICT in education-related research publications | 1 2008-07-19 |
4.13 Pioneering initiatives in ICT in education
| 4.13.1 Pioneering initiative in ICT in education (description, including responsible parties; 150 words; document if available) | 2011-02-28 |
|---|
4.14 The rank of ICT-integration by institution
| 4.14.1 ICT-integration index score | Data not available 2007-03-21 |
|---|
+- Impact on educators and teaching (1 available subcategory; 1 has data, including 0 documents)
5.1 The impact of ICT on teaching
+- Impact of ICT on learners and learning (3 available subcategories; 3 have data, including 0 documents)
6.1 The impact of ICT on learning (in general)
6.2 The impact of ICT on learner access to knowledge
6.3 Documentation produced by learners using ICT
+- Institution management and ICT (10 available subcategories; 10 have data, including 0 documents)
7.1 The number of institutions with ICT integration plans
| 7.1.1 Institution has ICT integration plan? | Yes 2008-07-19 |
|---|---|
| 7.1.2 Description of ICT integration plan (150 words, with document attached) | Le plan d'intégration des TIC qui est en cours d'élaboration comprend les axes et les stratégies d'acquisition des équipement, le suivi d'utilisation des équipements, l'accès aux machines par les enseignants et les élèves et aussi le plan d'intervention des Parents d'élèves pour l'acquisition des équipement et du contrôle de leur utilisation. 2007-03-21 |
7.2 The number of institutions with a strategy in place to maintain and renew their ICT equipment
| 7.2.1 Institution has a strategy in place to maintain and renew ICT equipment? | Yes 2008-07-19 |
|---|---|
| 7.2.2 Description of strategy in place to maintain and renew ICT equipment (150 words, with document attached) | En collaboration avec l'association des parents d'élèves le collège a mis sur pieds un plan d'acquisition, de maintenance et de remplacement des machines hors d'usage par l'instauration d'une rubrique spécifique dans le budget global de l'établissement et aussi avec un apport supplémentaire des parents lors des payement des frais de scolarité. 2007-03-21 |
7.3 The number of institutions that provide access to their ICT infrastructure for the community
| 7.3.1 Institution provides access to their ICT infrastructure for the community? | Yes 2008-07-19 |
|---|---|
| 7.3.2 Description of types access provided by the institution for the community (150 words) | l'établissement a ouvert son centre multimédia à toute la communauté éducative, parents enseignants, superviseurs pédagogiques, à tous ceux qui expriment le besoin de subir une formation en l'utilisation basique des TIC. Ces formations sont organisées au sein de l'établissement pendant le périodes où les élèves n'ont pas de cours. Chaque participant à cette opération doit s'acquitter d'une modique somme d'argent qui permette d'assurer la maintenance des machines et aussi de motiver les moniteurs. 2008-09-01 |
7.4 The number of managers (in education institutions) trained to use ICT
| 7.4.1 Number of managers | 12 2008-07-19 |
|---|---|
| 7.4.2 Description of the types of managers | le Principal (Directeur de l'établissement) est le gestionnaire administratif et financier de l'établissement il est secondé dans sa tâche par deux Censeurs qui assurent le suivi et l'encadrement pédagogique des enseignants et de élèves.
le comptable assure la gestion financière et matériel du collège alors que les surveillants généraux s'occupent de la discipline dans l'établissement. 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.3 Number of managers trained to use ICT | 12 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.4 Description of training received by managers trained to use ICT in education (150 words) | Tous les managers de l'établissement ont été formés à l'utilisation des TIC certains ont suivi leur formation dans des instituts privés de formation en informatiques, d'autres ont été formé dans le centre multimédia du collège. Tous ont affiné leur connaissance d l'utilisation des TIC grâce à une pratique journalière et fréquente des TIC au sein de l'établissement. 2008-09-01 |
| 7.4.5 Percentage of managers trained to use ICT (in education) | 100.00 % (12 / 12) 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.6 Number of female managers (total for the institution) | 2 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.7 Number of male managers (total for the institution) | 10 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.8 Number of female managers trained to use ICT (total for the institution) | 2 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.9 Number of male managers trained to use ICT (total for the institution) | 10 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.10 Percentage of female managers in the institution | 16.67 % (2 / 12) 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.11 Percentage of male managers in the institution | 83.33 % (10 / 12) 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.12 Percentage of females managers trained to use ICT in the institution | 100.00 % (2 / 2) 2008-07-19 |
| 7.4.13 Percentage of male managers trained to use ICT in the institution | 100.00 % (10 / 10) 2008-07-19 |
7.5 The impact of ICT on education management practices
| 7.5.1 Stated impact (by managers) of ICT on education management practices (150 words) | L'utilisation des TIC dans l'établissement a permis:
- a facilitation de la gestion financière
- la facilitation de la gestion pédagogique par une préparation des cours plus aisée, une préparation des emplois du temps plus facile
une préparation des examens et le gestion de résultats des examens rendus plus faciles. 2008-07-19 |
|---|
7.6 The impact of ICT on which curriculum is taught (mathematics, science, language, arts, etc.)
| 7.6.1 Stated impact (by managers) of ICT on which curriculum is taught (150 words) | l'utilisation des TIC a permis aux enseignants d'élargir leur programmes d'enseignement grâce à l'ouverture qu'Internet leur offre pour pouvoir enrichir leurs cours.
Cette utilisation des TIC a aussi donné l'occasion d'ajouter des disciplines qui n'existaient pas avant et notamment l'enseignement de l'informatique avec ses diverses applications. 2008-07-19 |
|---|
7.7 The impact of ICT on continuing education/professional development programs
| 7.7.1 Stated impact (by managers) of ICT on continuing education/professional development programs (150 words) | l'utilisation des TIC a donné l'occasion aux enseignants de devenir plus coopératifs, car ils s'intéressent de plus en plus à ce que font les autres enseignants grâce à l'utilisation des TIC et notamment de l'internet. Cette utilisation leur donne l'occasion de faire des recherches personnelles qui leur ouvre les portes d'une formation continue permanente. 2008-07-19 |
|---|
7.8 The ability of managers to use ICT (basic skills)
| 7.8.1 Number of institution managers with email address | 10 2008-07-19 |
|---|---|
| 7.8.2 Description of ability of managers to use ICT (basic skills; 150 words) | Les Managers qui utilisent les TIC au collège ont des compétence de base dans la saisie de texte donc utilisent tous le logiciel Word.
quelques une font des présentations avec Power Point d'autres ont aussi des compétences de base dans l'utilisation des Tableurs et surtout Excel. 2008-07-19 |
| 7.8.3 Percentage of managers with email addresses | 83.33 % (10 / 12) 2008-07-19 |
7.9 The major barriers (as identified by managers) hindering the achievement of their institution's ICT-related goals for learners
| 7.9.1 Barriers, as identified by managers, hindering the achievement of their institution's ICT-related goals for learners (600 words) | Les principaux obstacles qui freinent l'atteinte des objectifs TIC pour les élèves dans le Collège sont:
le manque de formation initial des enseignants à l'intégration pédagogiqe des TIC
L'insuffisance du matériel TIC ( Vidéo projecteurs, ordinateurs performants)
l'instabilité du courant électrique
l'insuffisance du nombre d'ordinateurs pour que chaque élève puisse travailler dans de bonnes conditions. 2008-07-19 |
|---|
7.10 Leadership and best practices in ICT integration in education
| 7.10.1 Description of "success stories" in ICT-integration (what, by whom, how, with what result; 300 words) | Suite à une formation qui a été organisée en 2002 sous la houlette de la Banque Mondiale, 15 enseignants de l'établissement ont suivi une formation à l'utilisation des TIC;
Au terme de cette formation, les dits enseignant ont directement commencé à intégrer les TIC dans leurs enseignement. Par l'élaboration des emplois u temps intégrant l'enseignement des TIC, l'application ans leurs différents enseignement de l'usage des TIC; Suite toujours à cette opération, l'établissement a ouvert sa salle multimédia à l'utilisation libre par les élèves mais aussi pour toute la communauté environnant qui s'intéresse bien à l'utilisation des TIC; Beaucoup de personnes ont ainsi bénéficié de la formation en informatique grâce à cette ouverture.
2008-07-19 |
|---|
+- Gender (2 available subcategories; 2 have data, including 0 documents)
9.1 The number of female learners who have access to computers
| 9.1.1 Number of male learners in institution | 1130 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 9.1.2 Number of male learners who have access to computers | 1130 2007-10-04 |
| 9.1.3 Number of female learners in institution | 1296 2007-03-21 |
| 9.1.4 Number of female learners who have access to computers | 1296 2007-10-04 |
| 9.1.5 Percentage of male learners who have access to computers | 100.00 % (1130 / 1130) 2007-03-21 |
| 9.1.6 Percentage of female learners who have access to computers | 100.00 % (1296 / 1296) 2007-03-21 |
9.2 Number of female teachers who have access to computers
| 9.2.1 Number of male teachers | 69 2007-10-04 |
|---|---|
| 9.2.2 Number of male teachers who have access to computers | 69 2007-10-04 |
| 9.2.3 Number of female teachers | 25 2007-10-04 |
| 9.2.4 Number of female teachers who have access to computers | 25 2007-10-04 |
| 9.2.5 Percentage of male teachers who have access to computers | 100.00 % (69 / 69) 2007-03-21 |
| 9.2.6 Percentage of female teachers who have access to computers | 100.00 % (25 / 25) 2007-03-21 |
+- Cultural and content sensitivity (1 available subcategory; 1 has data, including 0 documents)
10.1 The impact of ICT on the development of a variety of African educational content
| 10.1.1 Stated impact (by managers) on the development of African course content | 2008-07-19 |
|---|
+- Special education (1 available subcategory; 1 has data, including 0 documents)
11.1 The impact of ICT on learners with special needs
| 11.1.1 Number of learners with special needs | 0 2007-03-21 |
|---|---|
| 11.1.2 Number of learners with special needs who have access to ICT | 0 2007-03-21 |
| 11.1.3 Impacts, as stated by managers, of ICT on learners with special needs | 2008-07-19 |
| 11.1.4 Percentage of learners with special needs who have access to ICT | 0.00 % (0 / 0) 2007-03-21 |
+- Language (1 available subcategory; 1 has data, including 0 documents)
12.1 The relationship between ICT-in-education integration and local language(s)
| 12.1.1 Perception of educators of the relationship between the first language(s) of the learners and ICT-in-education | les éducateurs n'ont signalé aucun impact des langues maternelles nombreuses dans la région sur l l'utilisation des TIC en éducation. 2008-09-01 |
|---|---|
| 12.1.2 Perception of parents (or community-members) of the relationship between the first language(s) of the learners and ICT-in-education | aucun parent n'a été interrogé pour avoir son opinion sur sa perception sur les langues maternelles et l'utilisation des TIC en éducation. 2008-09-01 |
+- Auxiliary documents
recorded interviews (audio/video)
| Date | Document |
|---|---|
| 2010-05-20 | |
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| 2008-07-18 |
Record created on Wednesday March 21 2007 15:03:18 EDT.
Record updated on Thursday May 20 2010 07:52:28 EDT.
Record yet to be validated.
Record updated on Thursday May 20 2010 07:52:28 EDT.
Record yet to be validated.
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